Wind energy, which transforms the power of an inexhaustible resource such as wind into electricity, is a sustainable and valuable investment for the future. Harnessing the wind requires the installation of wind farms, either on land or offshore, with dozens of wind turbines.
From the wind farms that dot our landscapes to the vast installations off our coastlines, both offshore and onshore wind power play a central role in the transition to a carbon-free electricity system.
The technology that onshore and offshore wind turbines use to generate electricity is essentially the same. Where the two differ is in their position, size, scale and how the electricity they generate is transferred.
Onshore wind energy is the power that’s generated by wind turbines located on land driven by the natural movement of the air. You’ll often see onshore wind farms in fields or more rural areas, as they’re usually constructed in less-populated areas where buildings and obstacles don’t interrupt the air.
Offshore wind farms generate electricity from wind blowing across the sea. They are considered more efficient than onshore wind farms, thanks to the higher speed of winds, greater consistency and lack of physical interference that the land or human-made objects can present.
It’s one of the least expensive forms of renewable energy (along with solar PV) and significantly less expensive than offshore wind power. Cheaper infrastructure and costs to run means onshore farms can help lower electricity bills.